“When the going gets tough, the tough get going.” This and other phrases of wisdom are known as antimetabole, from the Greek for “turning about in the opposite direction.” Certain forms of these statements also go by the name chiasmus, from the Greek letter chi, meaning “X.” They’re often effective for making a point in a speech, like John F. Kennedy’s famous “Ask not what your country can do for you–ask what you can do for your country.” No matter the context, these flipped-sentence proverbs are great for making a point clear. Mardy Grothe has a whole book about chiasmus called Never Let a Fool Kiss You or a Kiss Fool You. This is part of a complete episode.
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