In most languages, the pronunciation of consonants changes depending on the following vowel. In English, 'c' is hard (ie pronounced 'k') except when followed by 'e' and 'i', so we have "care", "continue" and "cursive" but "central" and "cinnamon"; likewise "gall", "gopher" and "gunny" but "gel" and "gin". The details vary but the pattern is similar in Swedish, French, Spanish and German, the only languages I know enough to read much of (if you'll accept my putting "much" in sardonic quotes), so that's five out of five and I'm confident it's very common.
When some aspect of the verb means you have to add an 'e' or 'i' after a hard consonant, sometimes that would change the pronunciation. In Italian, for example, giocare means "to play"; gioco (JOKE-oh) means "I play", gioca "he plays", giocano "they play" and so on. But "you play" (singular) calls for an 'i' after the root, which would be gioci; and in Italian, as in English, that would call for a soft 'c' ("JOE-tchee") instead of hard, so to retain the pronunciation they spell it giochi, and the 'h' keeps the 'c' hard ("JOKE-ee"). Spanish does the same sort of thing, though in a different way.
It comes up less often in English, but it does happen. We pronounce "panic" with a hard 'c', so when it's in the past tense we write not "paniced" but "panicked". In the present tense you can catalogue something or catalog it, but in the past tense you must have catalogued it; "cataloged" has to be pronounced "CAT-a-lodged". (Hm, but my spell checker doesn't mind "cataloged"; maybe it's become common. Still, you get the idea.)
So I was just writing to someone that I had reörganized my In box, and wanted to shorten the verb to "reörg". But that makes it "reörged", which makes the 'g' soft. In my email, therefore, I spelled it "reörgued". I'll bet he doesn't know what I wrote, though. (" 'Re-ORG-yoo'? What the heck is that word?!")
Comments, please? How would you spell it? Aside from the dieresis, of course, which no one but me bothers with these days.
I have only within the last 4 or 5 years discovered the word "mic." I have begun to use it but I do not recall needing to write the past tense. I think if I had to do that I would revert to "miked." I think "mic" is a rather new spelling and probably the past tense hasn't been settled.
I have never seen "paniced." Everything I see on the internet indicates it does not exist. When I Google it, all the results give me "panicked."
The net also seems to prefer "cataloged." It responds to "catalogued" but usually gives it as a British spelling. That would be my feeling if I saw it written.
I think the bottom line is that the rules you gave are certainly correct but in our strange language there are many, many exceptions.
The one that bothers me is "sync" which I think should be "synch" (from synchronize) Is the past tense "synced"?
By the way, the rule for g is not observed consistently e.g. give, get.
I've seen both "sync" and "synch". But in the past tense, it's always "synched" and I think it should be, for the same reason that we add the 'k' for "panicked".
You're right about "give"; I don't think I ever noticed that one.
Reorg'ed would be ok, because the apostrophe often stands for clipped characters.