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"and" with a "t" on the end

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(@Anonymous)
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It has been only a few years since the first time I heard someone pronounce the word "and" with a "t" on the end. Β  It was someone I know who had spent a lot of time in Washington DC, but is from here in Michigan, I think. Β  Now I hear it all the time on the news among people in the media. Β  Often it seems to be while they think, sort of a pause.


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(@polistra)
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Devoicing a final voiced stop tends to happen in some words regardless of dialect. Β  It's probably more natural than retaining the voicing.

It's a firm rule in German, and tends to be heard in parts of America that were settled by Germans. Β  It's also a firm rule in some American black dialects. Β  As black dialects become more common in the media and politics, it's not surprising that this feature is spreading in the media and politics. Β 


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Another possible explanation is that you are hearing an aspirated d. This sound doesn't often occur in English.

Typically English t is aspirated, and d is unaspirated. Unaspirated t does occur regularly in English in certain combinations, and you can hear the d-like quality of it if you have a good ear. Try stop (vs. top), stank (vs. tank), and star (vs. tar). Likewise, aspirated d takes on some t-like qualities. Try saying Mad Hatter, hardhat, birdhouse, and say them quickly, fluidly. If you listen carefully, the d in these cases takes on aspiration and comes out sounding quite a bit t-like.

You state the person is trailing off to a pause. They might very well add some aspiration, breathing out heavily as they pause for thought or emphasis, making the final d aspirated and sound as if it were quite t-like to most ears.

[edit: added the following]
To demonstrate the power of aspiration, try these sets of three words, and decide if the t of the middle word sounds more like the sound of the left-hand word or the sound of the right-hand word.

tab; stab; dab
tuck; stuck; duck
teal; steal; deal
tick; stick; dick
tock; stock; dock


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I was just thinking about the word "asked" which is always pronounced with a "t" on the end, but with no start of a "d" before it. Β  This is a clear case of devoicing. Β  But "and" is being pronounced with a "d" before the "t", and I think aspiration might be the best explanation. Β  And I never heard it before a few years ago.


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