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"Possessive" adjectives
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1
2010/09/18 - 8:25pm

Something that came up on another topic brought this minor beef to mind. I didn't want to post it there, partly because I didn't want the poster to think I was finding fault with that point (which was perfectly valid) and partly because it probably deserves a thread of its own. It's just this: We sometimes hear complaints about the use of "my" and "mine" as though they indicate mere chattel possession, but it isn't true. "Mine" really means not "I own this"—necessarily, I mean—but "this is related to me in some way". Thus, it seems to me that complaining about phrases like "my mistress" (the complaint being that it refers to ownership) are misplaced.

"What", you may ask, "what else could it mean? Give me just one example—better, give me three counter-examples." Thank you, thank you very much—I'll give you two dozen: My job. My friend. My boss. My country. My favorite author. My book (not about the volume I own, but the novel I wrote). My house (if the bank really owns it). My home town. My religion, my pastor, my God, my church. My opinion. My school, my club, my talent, my body, my vices, my virtues, my show (as in "can't talk now, my show is on"). My appointment. My duty. My handwriting. My heart condition. My debt. My sister. My victory (and my loss). My chess game, tennis game, golf game etc, ie the way I play them. My memories, my emotions, my morning run, my accident, my acquittal (or my conviction). My time, over which I may have some authority, or not, but which I cannot own. My free will. My hotel room. My forum thread, to which I've sent my post (while sitting in my hotel room). My eyesight.

...Ok, I seem to have exceeded the promised two dozen. Most of these cannot be considered in any way to indicate ownership in the same sense that I own the pens in my pocket ("my pocket"); none of them indicate chattel ownership necessarily.

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2
2010/09/19 - 10:38am

Words often have specialized meanings within the context of a certain discipline that is different, though often related to, the common-experience meaning we're used to. In linguistics, "possession" includes, but is not limited to, the notion of ownership. Broadly speaking, it is a grammatical construction that describes a relationship that exists between two elements in a locution: a possessor and a referent.

Possession is an example of a linguistic function (a communicative task that language accomplishes). There is a theory of universal grammar which postulates that all languages have ways of communicating similar concepts although the way they may do so varies. A function that might be encoded with a possessor and a referent in one language might be absent of possessive particles in another. In Spanish, for example, one does not ordinarily use possessives with parts of the body. In English we might say "my head hurts." To communicate the same notion in Spanish, we would say "the head is painful to me ("me duele la cabeza").

There are many many layers of possession that exist in other languages but not in English. A brief window into this corner of comparative linguistics can be seen at the usual internet source of synoptic knowledge, Wikipedia /wiki/Possession_%28linguistics%29" target="_blank">

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